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991.
Assessment of heavy metal pollution in surface soils of urban parks in Beijing, China 总被引:53,自引:0,他引:53
Chen TB Zheng YM Lei M Huang ZC Wu HT Chen H Fan KK Yu K Wu X Tian QZ 《Chemosphere》2005,60(4):542-551
Assessing the concentration of potentially harmful heavy metals in the soil of urban parks is imperative in order to evaluate the potential risks to residents and tourists. To date, little research on soil pollution in China's urban parks has been conducted. To identify the concentrations and sources of heavy metals, and to assess the soil environmental quality, samples were collected from 30 urban parks located in the city of Beijing. Subsequently, the concentrations of Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn in the samples were analyzed. The investigation revealed that the accumulations of Cu and Pb were readily apparent in the soils. The integrated pollution index (IPI) of these four metals ranged from 0.97 to 9.21, with the highest IPI in the densely populated historic center district (HCD). Using multivariate statistic approaches (principal components analysis and hierarchical cluster analysis), two factors controlling the heavy metal variability were obtained, which accounted for nearly 80% of the total variance. Nickel and Zn levels were controlled by parent material in the soils, whereas Cu, Pb and, in part, Zn were accounted for mainly by anthropogenic activities. The findings presented here indicate that the location and the age of the park are important factors in determining the extent of heavy metal, particularly Cu and Pb, pollution. In addition, the accumulation of Zn did not appear to reach pollution levels, and no obvious pollution by Ni was observed in the soils of the parks in Beijing. 相似文献
992.
993.
南京市区植物叶片氮、硫、铅含量与大气污染评价 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
通过对南京市区的各功能区植物叶片中的氮、硫、铅元素含量的分析,研究了植物大气环境污染指数,探讨了植物叶片的氮、硫、铅元素含量的季节变化,以及与城市大气环境污染之间的关系。结果表明,植物叶片中,硫、铅元素的含量随季节变化不断增加,而氮元素含量相应减少;各功能区的硫、铅元素含量明显高于清洁对照区;用植物污染指数可以综合评价大气环境的质量状况。 相似文献
994.
995.
介绍了"混凝沉淀 砂滤"处理高浓度含磷废水的运行情况及工程治理效果,结果表明:对于磷酸盐(以P计)浓度高达100mg/l的酸洗磷化废水,处理后的出水磷酸盐(以P计)≤0.3mg/l,出水完全可达到v污水综合排放标准tm(GB8978-1996)一级排放标准. 相似文献
996.
基于H4IIE细胞株测试间接雌激素效应物质的代谢活化方法 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
利用鼠肝癌细胞(H4IIE)代谢活化环境样品中间接雌激素效应物质的方法,以标准化合物双酚A和北方某污水处理厂各工艺过程的水样以及南方某水厂自来水样的有机提取物为对象,比较了代谢活化作用对雌激素效应检测结果的影响.研究结果表明,双酚A代谢活化产物的雌激素活性明显高于双酚A;环境样品中存在大量的间接雌激素效应物质,通过细胞代谢活化的方法能够检出其活性.因此,推荐将鼠肝癌细胞代谢活化与重组基因酵母检测的方法相结合,用于环境样品中直接和间接雌激素效应物质的检测. 相似文献
997.
关于hyperaccumulator中文译名的探讨 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:2
植物修复技术是环境科学与技术的热点和前沿领域,hyperaccumulator作为植物修复技术的核心和及hyperaccumulator内容的文献也增长迅速,但从已发表的文献来看,国内对“hyperaccumulator”的中文翻译很不统一.这种“一词多译”的现象很不利于学术交流.为了规范和统一hyperaccumulator的中文译名,本文从hyperaccumulator的定义和科学内涵探讨其中文译名的准确性. 相似文献
998.
HUANG Ze-chun AN Zhi-zhuang CHEN Tong-bin LEI Mei XIAO Xi-yuan LIAO Xiao-yong Centre for Environmental Remediation Institute of Geographical Sciences Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China. 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2007,(6)
In order to understand the similarity or difference of inorganic As species uptake and transport related to phosphorus in As-hyperaccumulator,uptake and transport of arsenate(As(V))and arsenite(As(III))were studied using Pteris vittata L.under sandculture.Higher concentrations of phosphate were found to inhibit accumulation of arsenate and arsenite in the fronds of P.vittata.The reduction in As accumulation was greater in old fronds than in young fronds,and relatively weak in root and rhizome.Moderateincreases,from 0.05 to 0.3 mmol/L,in phosphate reduced uptake of As(III)more than As(V),while the reverse was observed at highconcentrations of phosphate(1.0 mmol/L).Phosphate apparently reduced As transport and the proportion of As accumulated in frondsof P.vittata when As was supplied as As(V).It may in part be due to competition between phosphorus and As(V)during transport.Incontrast,phosphate had a much smaller effect on As transport when the As was supplied as As(III).Therefore,the results from presentexperiments indicates that a higher concentration of phosphate suppressed As accumulation and transport in P.vittata,especially inthe fronds,when exposed to As(V);but the suppression of phosphate to As transport may be insignificant when P.vittata exposed toAs(III)under sand culture conditions.The finding will help to understand the interaction of P and As during their uptake process in P.vittata. 相似文献
999.
1000.
从渭河流域水质状况看治污制度 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
渭河水质问题的根源是缺乏统筹协调的真正意义上的流域管理体制,没有建立和执行促进节水和治污等先进、高效、优良技术大规模应用和管理的制度框架;渭河水问题表面上是水资源短缺、水质恶化,实质上是水资源保护管理危机,是治污体制的长期失效. 相似文献